4th Grade History Study Guide – Chapters 13 & 14
Battles
Fort Sumter
- the first battle of the Civil War
- it was over a fort located on a manmade island of rock
- it was there that the first shots of the Civil War were fired
Merrimac / Monitor
- a battle between Confederate and Union ironclads in which neither side was able to gain a victory
- the Union ironclad was named the Monitor
- the Confederate ironclad was the Merrimac
Vicksburg – the battle which won control of the Mississippi River for
the Union
Gettysburg
- 1. a great cemetery now stands where this battle took place
- 2. caused many casualties (deaths) on both sides
- 3. where President Lincoln gave the famous Gettysburg Address
- 4. turning point of the Civil War
Appomattox – where General Lee surrendered to General Grant
Facts to know
Slavery existed in the South. Large plantations were present
in the South.
Factories were present
in the North.
Eli Whitney invented the
cotton gin.
- 1. this machine removed the seed from the cotton plant much faster than by hand
- 2. this machine helped supply a greater supply of cotton
- 3. this machine made a big difference in picking cotton in the South
Transcontinental
Railroad
- 1. built by the Union Pacific Company and the Central Pacific Company
- 2. brought the East closer to the West
- 3. the two tracks met in Promontory Point, Utah
Two important results of
the Civil War
- 1. no state could leave the Union (the U.S.)
- 2. there would be no more slavery in the United States
The Homestead Act promised 160 acres to anyone who would farm the land for five
years.
The West was the only frontier remaining to be settled in the middle
of the 1800’s
Important names and
places
Confederate States of
America – the name used by the Confederacy
(South) during the Civil War
Rebels – the nickname for the Confederate soldiers
Richmond – the Confederate capital during the Civil War
Emancipation
Proclamation – President Lincoln wrote this important
statement in which he announced the freedom of the slaves
Jefferson Davis – President of the Confederate States
Ulysses S. Grant – the general who led the Union Army to victory
Yankees – the nickname for the Union soldiers
Robert E. Lee – the general who led the Confederate Army
Andrew Johnson – became president after Lincoln was assassinated
William T. Sherman – won fame as a Union general after capturing Atlanta
John Wilkes Booth – the man who murdered President Lincoln
Map work – study the states and capitals (10 are on the test)
